Acute myeloid leukaemia (Aml) is a cancer originating from the myeloid lineage of stem cells. It is an aggressive cancer of monocytes and granulocytes, and is one of the most common adult leukemias.  Aml also comprises 15% of pediatric acute leukemia and accounts for the majority of infant (<1 year old) leukemia.

Several recurrent chromosomal abnormalities have been identified in Aml with associated clinical significance. The most common chromosome abnormalities associated with Aml include t(8;21), t(15;17), inv(16), and abnormalities of the mlL (KMT2A) gene at 11q23.

Aml Extended panel is used to assess for specific gene translocations (t915;17), t(8:21), Inv(16)) as well as single gene mutations  including substitutions and smaller insertions and deletions (NPM1, FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD, IDH1, IDH2), that may have prognostic and/or therapeutic significance in acute myeloid leukemia.